How Long Does a Queen Bee Live

Social bees live in colonies, with individual bees filling different roles to benefit the community. The most important role is that of the queen bee because she is solely responsible for keeping the colony going by producing new bees.  How long a queen bee lives and what happens when she dies are two issues that greatly affect the colony she rules, but a queen bees lifespan varies depending on the type of bee. Honey Bees Honey bees are probably the best known social bees. Workers live only about six weeks on average, and drones die immediately after mating. Queen bees, however, are quite long-lived compared to other insects or even other bees. A queen bee has an average productive lifespan of two to three years, during which she may lay up to 2,000 eggs per day. Over her lifetime, she can easily produce over 1 million offspring. Though her productivity will decline as she ages, the queen honey bee can live up to five years. As the queen ages and her productivity declines, worker bees will prepare to replace her by feeding royal jelly to several young larvae.  When a new queen is ready to take her place, the workers usually kill their old queen by smothering and stinging her. Although this sounds rather callous and gruesome, its necessary to the survival of the colony. Splitting the Colony Aging queens arent always killed, however. Sometimes, when a colony becomes overcrowded, the workers will split the colony by swarming. Half the worker bees fly from the hive with their old queen and establish a new, smaller colony. The other half of the colony stays in place, raising a new queen that will mate and lay eggs to replenish their population. The Bumblebee Queen: One Year and Done Bumblebees are also social bees. Unlike with honey bees, where the entire colony lives through the winter, in bumblebees colonies, only the queen bee survives the winter. The bumblebee queen lives for one year. New queens mate in the fall, then hunker down in a sheltered location for the cold winter months. In the spring, each bumblebee queen establishes a nest and starts a new colony. In the fall, she produces a few male drones and allows several of her female offspring to become new queens. The old queen dies and her offspring continue the lifecycle. Stingless Bees Stingless bees, also called meliponine bees, live in social colonies as well. There are at least 500 species of stingless bees known, so the lifespans of stingless bee queens vary. One species, Melipona favosa, is reported to have queens that remain productive for three years or longer.   Sources â€Å"The Colony and Its Organization.†Ã‚  MAAREC.â€Å"INFORMATION SHEET 27.†Ã‚  The Life of the Bee. University of Arizona, Africanized Honey Bee Education Project.ï » ¿Ã¢â‚¬Å"The Queen Bee.†Ã‚  ANR Blogs.â€Å"Bee Lab.†Ã‚  University of Nebraska-Lincoln Department of Entomology.â€Å"Life Cycles of Honeybee Queens and Their Colonies.†Ã‚  Scientificamerican.com.Sommeijer, Marinus J., et al. â€Å"Reproductive Behaviour of Stingless Bees: Solitary Gynes of Melipona Favosa (Hymenoptera: Apidae, Meliponini) Can Penetrate Existing Nests.†Ã‚  Department of Social Insects Utrecht University, pdf.

Modern Technology And Its Effect On Our National Security

America is a place where people enjoy many freedoms, one of these age old freedoms and traditions is gun ownership. This is a topic that thousands of Americans are very passionate about; but there is a change on the horizon, modern technology has made it possible to create almost entirely untraceable firearms. Technology such as 3d printing has changed the game of how we can create working firearms, and this has the ability to have a tremendous effect on our national security. Background If you ve seen the news recently then you know that there have been several instances of a fully functional 3D printed gun. This whole controversy took off in 2012, when a Texas startup called Defense Distributed successfully designed, constructed and test, fired a fully 3D printed handgun called The Liberator. After the successful test fire the video went viral on YouTube, soon after the 3d files to construct the liberator were released over the Internet so that anyone who owned a 3d printer and had enough skill could construct the device. Even though the guns in these videos may seem borderline useless, it has been stated many times it only takes one shot to kill, (said the Washington post.) In order to understand how a 3D printer actually makes things, it helps to â€Å"think of a real-life topographical map: the 3D printer lays down incremental layers—one on top of another to build a 3D model. A 3D printer works in a similar fashion to a typical2D printer. The 3D printer extrudes,Show MoreRelatedNational Security Effects On The American People956 Words   |  4 PagesNational Security Effects on the American People When it comes to the United States as a nation it is built to follow the Constitution. This document was created to form rules and laws for the formation of its government. 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Ambition in Macbeth Free Essays

Ambition is often the driving force in one’s life. It can have an extremely dominant impact on not only yourself, but also many people in your surroundings. You have the ability to control if the outcomes either have a lasting negative or positive effect. We will write a custom essay sample on Ambition in Macbeth or any similar topic only for you Order Now When a goal requires determination and hard work to complete, personal morals often take a back seat to the aspiration of accomplishing the goal. In Shakespeare’s Macbeth, it is clear that like many other great leaders, Macbeth exemplifies the necessary leadership virtue of ambition. Macbeth’s ambition does not just drive him to do great things. It in fact controls him. The playwright explores the idea of how an individual’s ambition can cause them to deceive others, make irrational decisions, and cause internal turmoil. Ambition, along with the influence of his wife, Lady Macbeth, causes Macbeth to deceive his peers in order to attain position as king. The first time the reader sees Macbeth’s ambition causing him to be deceitful, is when him and his wife invite the current King of Scotland into their home for a dinner, with the soul intent of killing him. After receiving news of Macbeth’s new honor, she holds greater ambitions for Macbeth and pushes him to the edge to achieve the personal goals that she has set for him. To achieve the main goal of becoming king, Macbeth must deceive Duncan in way that will allow him to take over the throne. He must do this by taking action when â€Å"The bell invites [him]. Hear it not, Duncan; for it is a knell. That summons thee to heaven or to hell. † (Act II, scene i) This visibly demonstrates how Macbeth deceived his friend into trusting him, when clearly his wife and he had different intentions all along. This proves how an individual’s ambition has the capability to consume ones personal morals and values for the worse. The impacting role of ambition in Macbeth’s life also causes him to make quick, remorseful, irrational decisions. One of these decisions that he made was hiring murderers to execute Banquo. Macbeth believes in the witches prophesy that Banquo will be the father of a king, making Fleance, Banquo’s son, a definite threat to Macbeth’s current position as king. He wants to carry on his legacy as ruler of Scotland, so it appears to him that he has no other options but to eliminate his opposition. Caught up in the moment and his recently developed ambition drove him to do whatever it takes to stay in power. Macbeth realizes that â€Å"It will have blood; they say, blood will have blood† (Act III, scene iv), but what he is unaware of is his guilty conscience that is slowly beginning to creep over himself. Due to his thrill to kill and illogical decision making, Macbeth begins to have second thoughts about his actions. These decisions cause a great disturbance and uncertainty for Macbeth, soon c    Macbeth’s ambitious drive to become king causes him to have internal conflicts. These issues have been forced upon him by his wife, and have fully consumed his mind and led him to hallucinate. Internal turmoil-ghost, dagger. A strong desire to do or to achieve something, typically requiring determination and hard work. Desire and determination to achieve success Desire, aspiration, ambition In Macbeth, ambition is presented as a dangerous quality. It causes the downfall of both Macbeth and Lady Macbeth and triggers a series of deaths in Macbeth. Ambition is therefore the driving force of the play. Macbeth’s ambition is driven by a number of factors including: Prophesy: The Macbeth witches prophesize that Macbeth will become King. Macbeth believes them and the various prophesies are realized throughout the play. However, it is unclear whether these prophesies are preordained or self fulfilling. Lady Macbeth: his wife is the driving force that encourages Macbeth to overcome his strong sense of guilt and take action on the prophesies. Macbeth’s ambition soon spirals out of control and forces him to murder again and again to cover up his previous wrongdoings. Macbeth’s first victims are the Chamberlains who are blamed and killed by Macbeth for the murder of King Duncan. Banquo’s murder soon follows once Macbeth fears that the truth could be exposed. Ambition is often the driving force in one’s life. It is supposed to be the motivating factor that drives one towards success. Society also deems ambition a necessary quality of their leader. It can be said that Macbeth exhibits this quality of ambition. He is the strong, valiant warrior who has won in battle and brought victory to Scotland. However, Macbeth’s quest to acquire more power-his ambition-ultimately leads to his tragic demise. How can one allow himself to be destroyed by such a thing? Before Duncan’s murder, Macbeth questions and second guesses his ambitious tendencies and actions. Despite his anxiety, he succumbs to these tendencies and finds himself in an increasingly precarious situation, with his back against the wall and growing ever closer to his almost inevitable end. It is obvious that Macbeth has ambition, as most people who are in power do. In fact, ambition is often a necessary quality of people in such high standing as Macbeth is. However, Macbeth’s ambition does not just drive him to do great things. It in fact controls him Through all these things, one can clearly see that Macbeth is headed on a path for disaster; a path started, and forcefully driven, by his ambition. His ambition drove him to kill Duncan so he could acquire the throne. His ambition then drove him to order the murders of Banquo and Fleance. Through that process alone, one could say that Macbeth’s ambition did lead to his downfall. However, even more disastrous than the external consequences of his ambition were his internal consequences. Macbeth’s ambition was constantly putting him in a struggle between right and wrong. Macbeth finally lost this battle, and succumbed to the evil side of his ambition. Being the successful, proud, and noble warrior that he was, maybe this loss of what was good inside of him was the root of Macbeth’s insanity. One will never know, but it can be said that Macbeth’s ambition, whether through his actions or through his own internal degradation, did ultimately lead to his demise. How to cite Ambition in Macbeth, Papers

Commercial Banking Real Interest Rates

Question: Discuss about theCommercial Bankingfor Real Interest Rates. Answer: Evaluating the Interest Sensitivity Report and Depicting its Shortcomings: The evaluation of interest rate sensitivity report of Keystone National bank mainly states the difference in interest change of the assets and liabilities conducted by the company. In addition, the duration of interest rate gap mainly analyses the difference in asset and liabilities for different time group. In this context, Moessner, de Jansen (2014) mentioned that interest sensitivity report is mainly helpful in detecting the overall change in gap between assets and liabilities accumulated by the company. In addition, Keystone National Bank for has effectively depicted their sensitivity report regarding the excess accumulation of liabilities that is been conducted from the duration of 8 to 365 days. However, the bank has accumulated higher assets in the end. Choi, Richardson Whitelaw (2016) stated that change in interest rate accumulation could effectively help the investors in determining the authenticity of the banks profitability and market value equity. In addition, the evaluation of interest rate sensitivity report mainly depicted that the objectivity of maximising the interest income is not achieved by the bank. Furthermore, the cumulative GAP as percent of assets is relatively negative, which is in turn decrease the overall asset accumulation of the company. In addition, the time bucket depicted in exhibit report mainly portrays that 7-18 as period has positive gap. However, the other time series have a negative interest rate sensitivity gap, which indicates that a fall in interest rates could help the company to achieve higher profits. In this context, Janssen Morhs (2015) mentioned that most of the gap analyst fails to detect the variability in interest and non-interest revenue or expenses, which reduce the valuation of interest sensitivity risk. However, Swanson Williams (2014) argued that the gap analysis mainly omits the spreads that could come from market interest rate changes. Providing Effective Recommendations to Keystone National Bank for Improving their Earnings Performance and Financial Strength: The overall satiation that is been depicted in the exhibit 6 mainly indicates the rinsing loan demand is currently possible and a decrees in interest rate could be considered. This rising demand in loans and decrease in short-term interest rate payment might mainly have a positive effect for Keystone National Bank. Trujillo (2013) stated that banks with the help of declining short-term interest rates are able to generate higher income from long-term loan. On the contrary, Dell?Ariccia, Laeven Marquez (2014) criticises that during an economic crises the overall demand for loans decreases, which in turn hamper the revenue generation capacity of the company. Improvement in Income: The rising demand from loans among potential business could be accumulated by Keystone National Bank, which in turn might help in improving the overall revenue. In addition, the long-term loans that have high interest rates could be provided to electronics, automotive, accessories manufacturing and building material companies. In addition, the recession that might incur in short term could help in reducing the funding cost of the company. Increased Accumulation of Loans: Furthermore, the increased demand of loans, which might be generated from business, could help the company to gather high interest yielding loans. In addition, during the recession period the company might gather short-term loans at low interest rate and provide long-term loans to business are higher long-term interest rate. The accumulation of loan based on this strategy could help Keystone national bank to improve their overall financial position and in generate higher revenue. In addition, the competitive deposit rate, which could also help in high cash accumulation that might be conducted by the company. Furthermore, the accusation that is been done in the recession period will only be conducted on low deposit rate, which might help the company to reduce its overall cost of financing and improve its expense structure. Moreover, the fall in 200 basis point of short-term interest rate and an increase in only 100 or 50 basis points could help the company in gathering capital in short term interest rates. However, the main operations of the bank are to borrow capital in short term basis and lend it on long-term basis. Thus, the rising loans demand and recession augmentations could help the company in borrowing the required capital in short-term low interest rate. Moreover, the gathered capital might effectively be lent to the business, which require fund on long-term high interest rate basis. This structure might mainly help the company to improve the financial position and in turn reduce its overall expenditure on capital accumulation. Reference: Choi, J., Richardson, M. P., Whitelaw, R. (2016). On the Interest Rate Sensitivity of Corporate Securities: Implications at the Firm and Index Level. Dell?Ariccia, G., Laeven, L., Marquez, R. (2014). Real interest rates, leverage, and bank risk-taking.Journal of Economic Theory,149, 65-99. Janssen, R., Morhs, R. (2015).The interest rate sensitivity of Luxembourg bond funds: results from a time-varying model(No. 98). Central Bank of Luxembourg. Moessner, R., de Haan, J., Jansen, D. J. (2014). The effect of the zero lower bound, forward guidance and unconventional monetary policy on interest rate sensitivity to economic news in Sweden. Swanson, E. T., Williams, J. C. (2014). Measuring the effect of the zero lower bound on medium-and longer-term interest rates.The American Economic Review,104(10), 3154-3185. Trujillo-Ponce, A. (2013). What determines the profitability of banks? Evidence from Spain.Accounting Finance,53(2), 561-586.